Oklahoma Academic Standard 3. The student will analyze the significant events and historic personalities contributing to the development of the state of Oklahoma.

Objective 3.10 Describe the contributions of Oklahoma’s military personnel, including the Buffalo Soldiers, the code talkers, and the 45^th Infantry.

In a Nutshell

This objective asks students to examine how some citizens of our state have dedicated and risked their lives to protect us through service in the military. The three groups of people listed in the objective are excellent examples of military service, representing all cultures and backgrounds. An extensive study of the specific historic events surrounding each group’s service is not necessary to understand how each group contributed through military service. Students should also develop an appreciation of the fact that Oklahoma is the site of many contemporary military installations where Oklahomans still work and serve.

Teacher Action 

Student Action 

• Provide continued opportunities for students to explain and give examples of how individuals and groups have shaped significant historical changes in the community and state. 

• Assist students to use graphic features of a text or primary source, such as photographs, titles, headings, subheadings, charts, and graphs, to understand content. 

• Make connections between compelling and supporting questions which help answer an essential social studies question, such as "How do citizens serve their communities in times of need?"

• Describe and offer examples of how people have improved their communities in the past and present. 

Key Concepts 

Misconceptions 

• specific contributions of the African-American regiment known as the "Buffalo" Soldiers in preserving peace

• use of native languages by the Indian "code-talkers' to defeat American enemies in two world wars

• legacy of bravery of the National Guard's 45th Infantry division known as the "Thunderbirds"

• training purposes of military installations, such as Tinker, Altus, and Vance Air Force bases; Fort Sill Army Base and McAlester Army Ammunition bases 

• Some students may not understand the multiple facets of military service; historic examples are meant to illustrate the many ways citizens can use their unique talents to serve their nation and state.

Instructional Resources